-The American embassy was captured by students following the line of the Imam on 4 - 11 - 1979. After 444 days its employees were freed by the Algerian Treaty and the issue ended. The trigger of this incident was the conspiratorial actions carried out by the United States in different parts of Iran during the nine months after the revolution. Here are the most important causes of this incident:
1. US interference in Iran's internal affairs:
America's interference in Iran's affairs after the Islamic Revolution. Fear of a coup against it. Jeopardizing Iran's territorial integrity. The above factors added to the pessimism of students towards the US.
2. Acceptance of the Shah (King) by the American government:
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi went to America from Egypt on 22 - 10 - 1979. Despite the request of the people and the government of Iran to hand him over for trial. the American government ignored it. America suppressed the protest of Iranian students to this in America.
3. America's conspiracies against the new Islamic Government:
On 1 - 11 - 1979 Mehdi Bazargan the Prime Minister of the Provisional Government. and Ebrahim Yazdi, the Minister of Foreign Affairs met with Zbigniew Brzezinski. the National Security Advisor of the US President Carter. without the permission of Imam Khomeini. during the celebrations of Algeria's independence. The publication of that news created a new idea of the existence of a conspiracy. by the US among the Iranian people. The public opinion of Iran considered separatist and counter-revolutionary movements. such as the Turkmen movement of the Sahara and Kurdistan to be the conspiracies of foreigners, especially America.
4. Imam Khomeini's order for students to take a firm stand against the US:
In a message on the occasion of Student's Day. Imam Khomeini (Rh) asked academics students and religious students. to expand their attacks against America and Israel with all their might. to force America to return the criminal Shah and condemn the conspiracy to take him to America. This message also increased the motivation of the students. to occupy the American embassy.
The occupiers of the embassy in the first announcement. called this place a spy center. and the reason for their action was to protest against the imperialist and Zionist conspiracies. In the second statement they declared the American embassy as a nest of spies and criminals. and the base of Richard Holmes, a member of the American spy agency. and the headquarters of all conspiracies against the people of Iran before and after the revolution.
Summary and conclusion:
By the victory of the Islamic revolution in 1980 January. the American government did not stop interfering in Iran's affairs. They used all their facilities and connections. to defeat the nascent Iranian revolution. or at least create a deviation in it. Therefore, during 9 months. from 11 - 2 - 1979 to 4 - 11 - 1979 conspiratorial movements took place in various parts of the country. Such as Khuzestan, Kurdistan, Gonbad, Azerbaijan, etc. Under titles such as: "Arab people". "Kurds people". "Turkmen people”. and “Turk people ". Since the hand of the US was clearly seen in these events. the students following the line of the Imam inspired by the announcement words of the Imam. who in the months and weeks leading up to the 1979 November 4th, called the students to be vigilant against the United States. In a great and unique action, they conquered the place that was the center of publication of all the negative interference. which was thrown into the political and social atmosphere at that time.[1] [2] [3] [4]
References:
[3] https://basirat.ir/fa/news/305964/
[4] https://farsi.khamenei.ir/others-note?id=51268